分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Rhomboplites: Greek, rhombos = paralelogram + Greek, hoplon, hoplites = with a shield (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 40 - 300 m (Ref. 9626), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 9626). ; 42°N - 33°S, 99°W - 30°W (Ref. 55)
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and North Carolina, USA, to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756), including West Indies, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea (Anderson, pers. comm.).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 18.8, range 15 - 23 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26938); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 55); 最大体重: 3.2 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 3090)
背棘 (总数): 12 - 13; 背的软条 (总数): 10-11; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Snout short, lower jaw slightly projecting. Mouth small. Pectoral fins relatively short, not reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper sides vermilion, shading to silvery with reddish tinge ventrally, with narrow horizontal yellow lines below the lateral line. The dorsal and caudal fins yellowish; the anal and pelvic fins whitish.
Adults are found in moderately deep waters, most common over rock, gravel or sand bottoms near the edge of the continental and island shelves, often in large schools. Young fish occur in shallower depths (below 25 m), also often forming large schools. They feed on fishes, shrimps, crabs, polychaetes, other benthic invertebrates, cephalopods and planktonic organisms. Good food fish (Ref. 9626).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning occurs over most of the year with peak activity during spring and summer, at least in the northern part of the range (Puerto Rico to the Carolinas).
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.3 - 27.2, mean 23.9 °C (based on 185 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01333 - 0.01719), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 12.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.20; tm=3; tmax=10).
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.72, Based on 4 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 57.3 [19.9, 118.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.974 [0.512, 1.815] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.1, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.408 [0.255, 0.664] g/100g; Selenium = 33.1 [17.3, 65.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.1 [6.4, 83.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.526 [0.349, 0.788] mg/100g (wet weight);