分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Rhamphochromis: Greek, rhamphos = bill, peak + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; 深度上下限 30 - 109 m (Ref. 55949), usually 50 - 100 m (Ref. 55949). 熱帶; 20°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614); 9°S - 15°S
Africa: Endemic to Lake Malawi.
非洲: 馬拉威湖的特有種。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 19 - ? cm
Max length : 29.8 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55949)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Diagnosis: large, big-toothed brownish species; eyes rather large; premaxillary pedicel relatively short (Ref. 55949).
鑑別: 大的, 大的-有齒的褐色種; 眼相當大; 上頜骨前的莖相當短的.(參考文獻 55463)
描述: 嘴與眼相當大; 通常有向下彎曲的吻; 下頜一般到強烈地凸出; 較大的標本傾向有一個弓形的背面與一個鬆軟的, 相當圓形的低輪廓; 上頜骨前的莖硬骨可變的長, 通常短於在 similary 規模 R. woodi 中; 齒非常強與細長的但是可變的.(參考文獻 55463)
體色 雌性與非繁殖期的雄性 countershaded, 深灰褐色背面; overal 褐色的外貌尤其在稚魚中標示; 尾鰭深灰色的; 腹鰭有時長的; 性成熟與成熟的雄性有橘色的, 雌性有白色的腹鰭; 咽喉可能是臉發紅有橘色的或者可能是白色.(參考文獻 55463)
Common on the shelf zone; occasionally found off reefs; but not commonly recorded from the middle of the lake (Ref. 55949). Moves in the open water but stays 2-5 m above the substrate; feeds on fish like the small Utaka and Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) (Ref. 5595).
常見於大陸棚區域; 偶然地發現外海的礁; 但是不通常記錄了湖的從中央.(參考文獻 55463) 在開放水域中的移動但是停留 2-5個公尺上方底部; 吃像小的 Utaka 與 Usipa( 沙丁鯷波魚〔Engraulicypris sardella〕 ) 的魚。 (參考文獻 5595)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Species probably forms breeding leks on or near the bottom; juveniles are common in the adult habitat (Ref. 55949).非洲: 馬拉威湖的特有種。
Maréchal, C., 1991. Rhamphochromis. p. 422-424. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5689)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
