分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks)
真鯊目 (Ground sharks) >
Triakidae (Houndsharks)
平滑鮫 (Houndsharks) > Triakinae
Etymology: Triakis: tri-, from tres (L.), three; akis (Gr.), point, referring to each tooth consisting of one large central cusp flanked on by both sides by a small cusplet (See ETYFish); semifasciata: semi-, from semis (L.), half; fasciatus (L.), banded, referring to striking black saddle marks that cover only dorsal half of body (See ETYFish).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 156 m (Ref. 96339), usually ? - 6 m (Ref. 55312). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 19°N, 126°W - 105°W (Ref. 55312)
Eastern Pacific: Oregon, USA to the Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 109.8, range 100 - 129 cm
Max length : 198 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 244); 180.0 cm TL (female); common length : 160 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. ); 最大體重: 18.4 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 6145)
Found in shallow water from the intertidal to deeper waters, most commonly in enclosed muddy bays; including estuaries and lagoons (S. Wilson, pers. comm.). Prefer sandy areas, mud flats, and bottoms strewn with rocks near rocky reefs and kelp beds. Feed mainly on crabs, shrimps, bony fish, fish eggs, clam necks and innkeeper worms among a large variety of food in its diet. Form mixed schools. Ovoviviparous (aplacental), with 4 to 29 young in a litter. Utilized fresh or frozen for human consumption.
發現於淺水區了從潮間帶對較深的水域, 最通常在封閉的泥灣中; 包括河口與潟湖 (S. 威爾遜， pers. comm.)。 偏愛沙地，淤泥平台與布滿岩石的底部鄰近岩礁與海藻床。 在它的食性中存在一個食物的大變種主要吃螃蟹，蝦，硬骨魚，魚卵，蛤頸部與小旅館主人蠕蟲。 形成混合的魚群。 卵胎生的 (無胎盤的), 有四個到 29 幼魚在一胎。 生鮮使用或冷凍供人類消費。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Females produce 6-24 young, which are 20-23 cm long at birth (Ref. 43439). Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 December 2014
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.8 - 24, mean 20.4 °C (based on 131 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00234 (0.00122 - 0.00451), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (K=0.07-0.09; tm=11-21; tmax=30; Fec=4-12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
