分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Notacanthiformes (Halosaurs and deep-sea spiny eels) >
Notacanthidae (Deep-sea spiny eels)
背棘魚科 (Deep-sea spiny eels)
Etymology: Notacanthus: Greek, noton = back + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Johann Hieronymus Chemnitz (1730–1800) was a German naturalist, conchologist and theologian. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bloch.
Issue
Species spelling Paxton et al. 1989 (Ref.7300:150).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 125 - 3285 m (Ref. 58426), usually 128 - 1000 m (Ref. 117245). 深水域; 61°N - 50°S, 180°W - 180°E
Worldwide except in tropical waters (Ref. 27363). North Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and Cape Blanc, Mauritania north to Davis Strait, Canada and Iceland. South Atlantic: off South Africa. Southeast Pacific: off Chile. Eastern Indian Ocean: Australia (Ref. 7300). Southwest Pacific: New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
在全世界除了熱帶水域.(參考文獻 27363) 北大西洋: 墨西哥灣與茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬北至加拿大的戴維斯海峽與冰島。 大西洋南方部: 南非外海。 東南太平洋: 外海的智利。 東印度洋: 澳洲.(參考文獻 7300) 西南太平洋: 紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4449)
背棘 (總數) : 5 - 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 2; 臀棘: 14 - 17; 臀鰭軟條: 125 - 145; 脊椎骨: 225 - 239. Presence of palatine and dentary teeth in two or more rows. Numerous dorsal spines. Small specimens are pale tan or pale bluish gray, large specimens are dark brown (Ref. 37108).
出現顎骨與齒骨齒成兩排或多排。 很多的背棘。 小的標本是灰黃褐色或者灰藍色的灰色又大的標本是深褐色的。 (參考文獻 37108)
Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302) and epibenthic (Ref. 58426). Not uncommon in depths around 180 m off Iceland and Greenland. Individuals with nearly ripe eggs have been found in late autumn off Iceland. Mostly found at depths well below 200 m, but enters slightly shallower water on Grand Banks in Canada (Ref. 7251). Feeds primarily on sea anemones (Ref. 4449).
Engybenthic(參考文獻 58302) 與淺海底棲.(參考文獻 58426) 正常的深度大約 180 公尺外海的冰島與格陵蘭。 個體有幾乎成熟的卵曾經發現於秋季末外海的冰島。 在 200 公尺之下大部分發現於深海湧泉, 但是在加拿大的大岸灘上些微地進入較淺的水域.(參考文獻 7251) 主要吃海葵。 (參考文獻 4449)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
在全世界除了熱帶水域.(參考文獻 27363) 北大西洋: 墨西哥灣與茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬北至加拿大的戴維斯海峽與冰島。 大西洋南方部: 南非外海。 東南太平洋: 外海的智利。 東印度洋: 澳洲.(參考文獻 7300) 西南太平洋: 紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755)
Sulak, K.J., 1990. Notacanthidae. p. 133-135. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4449)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 March 2011
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1 - 14.9, mean 6.1 °C (based on 2531 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5161 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00186 (0.00100 - 0.00347), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 27.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming tmax>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.83 [5.11, 21.37] mg/100g; Iron = 0.259 [0.129, 0.528] mg/100g; Protein = 16.1 [14.9, 17.3] %; Omega3 = 0.274 [0.129, 0.578] g/100g; Selenium = 39.1 [14.6, 106.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.64 [1.93, 48.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.376 [0.235, 0.610] mg/100g (wet weight);
