ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກອ່ອນ (ເຊັ່ນ: ປາສະຫລາມ, ປາຜາໄລ) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Urolophidae (Round rays)
Etymology: Trygonoptera: Greek, trygon = a sting ray + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Last & Gomon.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ກ່ຽວກັນຫີນ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 4 - 43 m (Ref. 12951). Subtropical; 26°S - 36°S
Eastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia.
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 35 - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 6871)
Found near reefs, sea grass beds, and sandy beaches (Ref. 12951).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.8 - 20.9, mean 18.2 °C (based on 44 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00366 - 0.01807), b=3.08 (2.88 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 5.64 [0.60, 88.84] mg/100g; Iron = 0.407 [0.034, 4.430] mg/100g; Protein = 21.2 [15.8, 26.4] %; Omega3 = 0.121 [0.037, 0.361] g/100g; Selenium = 11.4 [2.0, 57.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.4 [2.3, 320.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.618 [0.043, 7.077] mg/100g (wet weight);