Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
; eau douce; saumâtre benthopélagique; pH range: 5.0 - 6.5; dH range: ? - 6. Tropical; 23°C - 29°C (Ref. 40602)
South America: Orinoco River basin, in the upper Orinoco River drainage in Colombia and Venezuela; Amazon River basin, in the upper Negro River basin.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 6466); common length : 13.5 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 12193)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Up to 200 eggs are deposited on stones or roots and defended by both parents: larvae are taken into the mouth. Parental care can last up to 6 weeks (Ref. 40602).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial; Aquarium: Commercial
Outils
Articles particuliers
Télécharger en XML
Sources Internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03020 (0.01346 - 0.06774), b=3.03 (2.84 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (tm<1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).