分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 13 - 384 m (Ref. 2850). 深水域; 36°N -
Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Isla Lobos de Tierra, Peru and the Galapagos Islands. Rare north of central Baja California, Mexico (Ref. 2850).
東太平洋: 到 Isla 北美北部產的灰色大狼 de Tierra, 祕魯與加拉巴哥群島的美國加州。 中央墨西哥的下加利福尼亞稀有北方.(參考文獻 2850)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9353)
Found on bottom. Feeds mainly on other fishes. Young are pelagic and eaten by large predatory fishes such as tunas. Spine above pectoral fin probably slightly venomous.
棲息於底部了。 主要吃其他的魚。 幼魚是大洋性的而且被大的掠食性的魚例如鮪魚吃。 胸鰭上面的棘可能些微有毒。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東太平洋: 到 Isla 北美北部產的灰色大狼 de Tierra, 祕魯與加拉巴哥群島的美國加州。 中央墨西哥的下加利福尼亞稀有北方.(參考文獻 2850)
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 May 2008
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.8 - 19.5, mean 14.5 °C (based on 96 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.00949 - 0.03182), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.32; tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
