分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1830 m (Ref. 86942), usually 0 - 350 m (Ref. 89423). ; 43°N - 56°S, 20°E - 68°W
Indian and Pacific: tropical and temperate waters. Although some stray individuals are found in the Atlantic Ocean, this species is believed to have its spawning grounds and principal populations only in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Highly migratory species.
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9308); common length : 190 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9308); 最大體重: 52.0 kg (Ref. 43)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 51 - 57; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 18 - 23. Dark blue above, blue splattered with brown on the sides, silvery white below; 1st dorsal fin plain dark blue, other fins brown or dark brown; anal fin bases with tinges of silvery white.
Oceanic and epipelagic, found above the thermocline (Ref. 9308). Feeds on fishes, cephalopods and crustaceans. Also caught as a by-catch of long lines with hooks intended for tuna. Marketed frozen and prepared as fish cakes and sashimi in Japan (Ref. 9308). Also prepared as sausages.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Spawning is believed to occur mainly during the winter months, especially in warm offshore currents with surface temperature of about 25°C.
Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.9 - 28.8, mean 26.2 °C (based on 5116 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5630 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00227 - 0.00920), b=3.21 (3.03 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.76 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.6 [15.9, 65.1] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.56, 2.01] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.296 [0.155, 0.612] g/100g; Selenium = 69.5 [32.9, 148.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.16 [1.47, 18.59] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.345 [0.222, 0.536] mg/100g (wet weight);