>
Aulopiformes (Grinners) >
Omosudidae (Hammerjaws)
Etymology: Omosudis: Greek, omo = shoulder + Latin, sudis = esox, fish of the Rhine, cited by Plinius 9.15; it also means "stake" (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي ناحیه ای از منطقه اقیانوسی با عمق بین 1000 تا 4000 متر. موجوداتی که در آبهای آزاد بین اعماق 1000 تا 4000 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 0 - 4000 m (Ref. 38732), usually 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 7344). Deep-water; 40°N - 40°S
Worldwide in tropical and temperate waters. South China Sea and East China Sea (Ref.74511)
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 4475); common length : 20.0 cm NG جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5755)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 9 - 12; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 14 - 16. Brownish above, sides silvery, iridescent, with black peritoneum showing through (Ref. 7344).
Meso- and bathypelagic at 700-1830 m (Ref. 58302). Probably swift swimmers, which can avoid nets, captured singly or in small groups (Ref. 6692). Carnivorous, feed on squids and pelagic fishes (Ref. 6692). Oviparous and are synchronous hermaphrodites (Ref. 84733).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Are synchronous hermaphrodites, gonads consist of clearly defined and well separated ovarian and testicular regions with no indication of sequential maturation of the sex products (Ref. 84733). Also Ref. 103751.
Post, A., 1984. Omosudidae. p. 496-497. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 6692)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: از بی علاقه گی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.8 - 21.3, mean 10.5 °C (based on 2379 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
