Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 18 - 300 m (Ref. 91768). Temperate; 21°S - 43°S, 110°E - 180°E
Southwest Pacific: southern Australia, from Western Australia to Tasmania and New South Wales (Ref. 9563); also from New Zealand.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 62.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9563)
Adults are found on the continental shelf; juveniles enter bays and estuaries (Ref. 9563); benthic (Ref. 75154). Specimens less than 12.5 cm SL are found at depths less than 55 m (Ref. 91768).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.2 - 19, mean 15 °C (based on 77 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00515 - 0.03077), b=3.01 (2.79 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Assuming tm=3-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30.8 [18.1, 65.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.402 [0.220, 0.727] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.894 [0.409, 2.426] g/100g; Selenium = 17.6 [9.8, 41.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.9 [6.6, 60.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.464 [0.339, 0.652] mg/100g (wet weight);