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Élasmobranches (requins et raies) (sharks and rays) > Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) > Rhinobatidae (Guitarfishes)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin; saumâtre démersal; profondeur 75 - ? m (Ref. 114953). Subtropical; 17°S - 36°S, 10°E - 34°E (Ref. 114953)

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to central Natal, South Africa. Record from Madagascar is uncertain (Ref. 3919).

Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 3919)

Found from the surf line to about 70 m depth (Ref. 5578), also reported as common in shallow waters to at least 75 m depth (Ref. 114953); also enters estuaries (Ref. 27121). Feeds on crustaceans, bivalves, polychaete worms and small bony fishes (Ref. 5578). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Males mature at ca. 59 cm TL, females at 62-65 cm TL; born at ca. 23 cm TL. Produces litters of 2-10 pups (Ref. 114953). Taken by surf anglers (Ref. 3919). Flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 3919). It is parasitised by the monogeneans Pseudoleptobothrium christisoni on the dorsal skin surface (Ref. 124055) and Neoheterocotyle robii on the gill lamellae (Ref. 124054).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larves

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). 2-10 young born in the summer (Ref. 5578).

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur : McEachran, John | Collaborateurs

Compagno, L.J.V., 1986. Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Vulnérable, voir Liste Rouge IUCN (VU) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 01 August 2019

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

Harmless

Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: commercial; pêche sportive: oui; Aquarium: Commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.1 - 25.7, mean 22 °C (based on 36 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00214 (0.00124 - 0.00369), b=3.06 (2.90 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.51 se; based on food items.

Résilience (Ref. 120179): Très faible, temps minimum de doublement de population supérieur à 14 ans (Fec=2).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).

Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766): Low.

Acroteriobatus annulatus (Smith, 1841)