分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 5 - 65 m (Ref. 90102), usually 20 - 65 m (Ref. 27115). 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 25°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and Kenya east to Hawaiian Islands, Fanning Islands and Samoa; northward to Japan south to Australia. Apparently not found off New Zealand (Ref. 8991).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 8991); common length : 35.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9645)
背棘 (總數) : 3 - 4; 背的軟條 (總數) : 43 - 47; 臀棘: 1; 臀鰭軟條: 37 - 40.
Found on outer reef slopes, hovering above the bottom. They swim often high above the substrate to pick prey from the substrate with their excellent eyesight (Ref. 48635). Tends to swim away from its pursuer rather than enter its burrow (Ref. 1602). Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710), adults form monogamous pairs (Ref. 37816). Maximum depth from Ref. 027115.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and genetic (Ref. 52884).
Dooley, J.K., 1978. Systematics and biology of the tilefishes (Perciformes: Branchiostegidae and Malacanthidae) with descriptions of two new species. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. No. 411:1-78. (Ref. 8991)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1578 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00236 - 0.01221), b=3.03 (2.82 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.8 [25.3, 68.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.482 [0.307, 0.793] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.0864 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 39 [22, 68] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.2 [29.1, 217.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.21 [0.88, 1.62] mg/100g (wet weight);