Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; Mức độ sâu 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 23°N - 11°S, 120°E - 154°E (Ref. 5222)
Western Pacific: Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Solomon Islands (Ref. 4787) and New Britain.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5222)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 11; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 16 - 17; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 3; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 8. Characterized by grey brown color with scattered reddish brown to black spots; narrow pale margins on dark grey fins; body scales ctenoid, except cycloid scales dorsally and ventrally; body with auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.8-3.2 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins, 1.9-2.3 in head length (Ref. 90102); head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; interorbital area flat to slightly convex, almost straight dorsal head profile; rounded preopercle, finely serrate, ventral serrae slightly enlarged; straight upper edge of operculum; maxilla reaches past rear edge of eye; 2 or 3 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 089707).
Found on mud or rocky or cobble bottoms (Ref. 089707). The species appears to be one of the rarest groupers in the Indo-Pacific region, nothing has been published on its biology. Solitary (Ref 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: không ích lợi (thú vị)
Các công cụ
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.9 - 29.2, mean 28.8 °C (based on 557 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00568 - 0.02430), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.1 [20.0, 85.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.549 [0.303, 1.156] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.127 [0.079, 0.203] g/100g; Selenium = 26.6 [15.1, 46.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 240 [66, 866] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.51 [1.03, 2.11] mg/100g (wet weight);
