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> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien rifbewoner; diepte ? - 100 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 32°N - 18°S, 115°W - 78°W (Ref. 89707)

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Eastern Pacific. Gulf of California to Peru (Ref. 5222).

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 250 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 89707)

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Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 11; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 15 - 16; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: generally brownish yellow, grey or greenish; head, dorsal part of body and fins with small black spots, becoming smaller with growth; robust, elongate body, greatest width more than half of body depth, distinctly less than head length; body depth contained 2.7-3.4 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.9 times in SL; extremely broad head; flat interorbital; rounded preopercle, finely serrate; posterior and anterior nostrils round and subequal; scaly maxilla, reaching well past eye; 3-5 rows of subequal teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; absence of canines at front of jaws (Ref. 89707).

Inhabits a variety of habitats in depths of up to 100 m (Ref. 89707).

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Craig, M.T., R.T. Graham, R.A. Torres, J.R. Hyde, M.O. Freitas, B.P. Ferreira, M. Hostim-Silva, L.C. Gerhardinger, A.A. Bertoncini and D.R. Robertson, 2009. How many species of goliath grouper are there? Cryptic genetic divergence in a threatened marine fish and the resurrection of a geopolitical species. Endang Species Res 7:167-174. (Ref. 89627)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Onvoldoende gegevens (DD) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00571 - 0.02419), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Epinephelus quinquefasciatus (Bocourt, 1868)