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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Narcinidae (Numbfishes)
Etymology: Narcine: Greek, narke = numbness (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Starks.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 1 - 100 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 32°N - 7°S, 115°W - 78°W (Ref. 114953)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to northern Peru.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 119 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 111131)

Found in shallow water on sandy bottoms, sometimes adjacent to reefs (Ref. 12951). Found buried in the sand during the day (Ref. 12951). Moves into shallow bays at night to feed; prefers polychaete worms, but may take sea squirts (Ref. 12951). Produces litters of up to 15 pups. Maturity size of males at ca. 36 cm TL; birth size at ca. 11 cm TL (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Carvalho, Marcelo | Collaborators

McEachran, J.D., 1995. Narcinidae. Rayas eléctricas. p. 769-771. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9259)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Vulnerable (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 07 February 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Other (Ref. 9259)

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators

Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
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Abundance

Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
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Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution
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Anatomy
Gill area
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Physiology
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Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
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Genetics
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18.5 - 28.9, mean 25.8 °C (based on 82 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00719 - 0.02203), b=2.90 (2.74 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.0 ±0.18 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).

Narcine entemedor Jordan & Starks, 1895