分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Atrobucca: Latin, atro = black + Latin, bucca = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Thompson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 45 - 200 m (Ref. 9772), usually ? - 120 m (Ref. 7483). ; 38°N - 31°S, 30°E - 137°E
Indo-West Pacific: Mozambique and Natal, South Africa (Ref. 12484), India (Ref. 4373); China, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, and off northern Australia.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 14.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772); common length : 25.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772)
背棘 (總數): 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 27-33; 臀棘 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7. A small, moderately-deep-bodied species. Swim bladder carrot-shaped, with 24 to 30 pairs of branched appendages, each with a dorsal and a ventral limb, regularly arranged so that the twiglets of the dorsal limb point backwards, and those near the tip of the ventral limb point forwards. The lateral line scales reaching the tip of the caudal fin. The linings of the mouth, gill chamber and body cavity black.
Found in coastal waters down to a depth of 200 m or deeper (Ref. 9772), on seaweed beds and gravel (Ref. 11230). Important food fish.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Sasaki, K. and P.J. Kailola, 1988. Three new Indo-Australian species of the sciaenid genus Atrobucca, with a reevaluation of generic limit. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 35(3):261-277. (Ref. 7483)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 26 September 2018
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.2 - 27.9, mean 24.5 °C (based on 609 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00493 - 0.01404), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.8 (3.1 - 7.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.15-0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.4 [14.4, 58.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.379 [0.177, 0.825] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.343 [0.154, 0.625] g/100g; Selenium = 13 [6, 30] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.3 [2.9, 74.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.413 [0.281, 0.626] mg/100g (wet weight);