Teleostei (teleosts) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.

Marine; pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 15 - 100 m (Ref. 12260); tropical; 38°N - 33°S97°E - 134°E (Ref. 54869).

Eastern Indian Ocean: Phuket, Thailand; southern coasts of East Java and Bali; and Western Australia. Western Pacific: Java Sea, Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan Island, southern Japan. Can not be distinguished as yet on morphological grounds from Sardinella aurita which occurs in the Atlantic Ocean.

Maturity: L_m 14.3, range 14 - 15 cm
Max length: 23.0 cm SL male/unsexed (Ref. 188); common length: 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed (Ref. 188).

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 12 - 23. A faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Body elongate, sub-cylindrical. Distinguished from all other clupeids in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. longiceps by its shorter head length and fewer lower gill rakers.

Adults form large schools in coastal waters, particularly in the Bali Strait upwelling. Found in sheltered bays and lagoons (Ref. 48635). They feed on phytoplankton and zooplankton, chiefly copepods. Time series analysis (Ref. 9586) suggests that recruitment fluctuations are related to ENSO events, as defined in Ref. 9577, 9578and 9580.

Spawning tends to take place in inshore waters where salinity is low (Ref. 6863) at the beginning of the rainy season. Spawning aggregations may be formed, also including Amblygaster sirm, A. leogaster and Clupea fimbriata.

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

  Near Threatened (NT), A2bd; date assessed: February 15 2017

Not Evaluated

Not Evaluated

  Harmless

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Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.8 - 28.6, mean 27.8 °C (based on 500 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00477 - 0.01152), b=3.09 (2.97 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.5 ±0.0 se; Based on food items.

Generation time: 1.1 (1.0 - 1.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 18 growth studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.8-1.3; tmax=4.5).

Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 6 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).

Climate vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Low; Reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 257 [134, 389] mg/100g; Iron = 1.99 [1.18, 3.52] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [19.3, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.286 [0.140, 0.547] g/100g; Selenium = 114 [61, 228] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.2 [7.0, 65.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.9, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);