Teleostei (teleosts) >
Argentiniformes (Marine smelts) >
Opisthoproctidae (Barreleyes or spookfishes)
Etymology: Monacoa: The name constructed by Whitley was without any etymological reason; however, it is likely referring to the state of Monaco, in which the research expedition that sampled the two syntypes originated.
Eponymy: Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi (1848–1922), Albert I, Prince of Monaco was an oceanographer who founded Monaco’s Institut Océanographique. He also (1911) created the Monte Carlo Rally, an automobile race designed to attract tourists to Monaco. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathypelagic; depth range 0 - 4750 m (Ref. 58018), usually 300 - 400 m (Ref. 6542). Deep-water; 43°N - 49°S, 149°E - 15°E
Tropical to subtropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6542)
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 17; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9. Dorsal part of head transparent, ventral part and ventral 2/3 of body peppered with large melanophores; ventral surface of rear part of sole with 4 dark blotches (Ref. 6597). Body deep and anal fin on a vertical at posterior end of the sole, short based, rays directed posteriorly (Ref. 37473).
Mesopelagic (Ref. 58302). The limits of its distribution are marked by the 10°C isotherm and the 34, 8 %o isohaline (Ref. 6542).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Quéro, J.-C., 1990. Opisthroproctidae. p. 241-243. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 6542)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
Tools
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.8 - 17.3, mean 12.4 °C (based on 59 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.00864 - 0.05802), b=2.98 (2.75 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
