分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798) was a German clergyman in Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 6 - 300 m (Ref. 1602). 熱帶; 30°N - 23°S, 36°E - 140°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Southeast Asia and the Marquesan and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia.
印度-太平洋: 東非到東南亞與馬貴斯群島與社會群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 92.3 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 125599); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9768); 最大體重: 4.1 kg (Ref. 125599)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Body elongate and sub cylindrical with small cycloid scales; head long and pointed. Mouth large and horizontal, the tip of the lower jaw protruding; intermaxilla non-protractile. Preoperculum broadly rounded. Lower limb of the first fill arch with spiny tubercles. First dorsal fin origin opposite or before the pectoral tip, the first spine shorter than the second. Color is generally blackish above and silvery below.
細長的身體與接近圓筒形的有小圓形的鱗片; 頭部長而尖的。 嘴大而水平的, 下面頜的頂端伸出; 顎間不可以伸出的。 前鰓蓋骨寬廣地圓的。 第一個的下翼將弓裝滿刺狀的小瘤。 第一背鰭起源相對於或在胸的頂端之前, 第一個棘短於第二個。 色彩是通常黑色的上方與下面銀色的。
Nocturnally active, but occurring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768, 48637). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.
夜行活躍, 但是大群出現在潟湖礁坪上面而且沿著外礁斜坡在白天期間.(參考文獻 9768) 主要吃魚, 也捕食對蝦與烏賊。 生鮮販賣了, 冷凍或乾燥鹽醃。 有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導需要證實。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 東非到東南亞與馬貴斯群島與社會群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞。
Rose, J.H., 1984. Sphyraenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 4752)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 August 2023
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.4 - 28.2, mean 26.2 °C (based on 976 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00481 - 0.01092), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16 [7, 42] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.130, 0.614] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.1, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.103 [0.048, 0.214] g/100g; Selenium = 46.3 [20.1, 115.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.7 [10.3, 220.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.448 [0.286, 0.779] mg/100g (wet weight);
