分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798) was a German clergyman in Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 6 - 300 m (Ref. 1602). 热带; 30°N - 23°S, 36°E - 140°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Southeast Asia and the Marquesan and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia.
印度-太平洋: 东非到东南亚与马贵斯群岛与社会群岛, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亚。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 92.3 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 125599); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9768); 最大体重: 4.1 kg (Ref. 125599)
背棘 (总数) : 6; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 9. Body elongate and sub cylindrical with small cycloid scales; head long and pointed. Mouth large and horizontal, the tip of the lower jaw protruding; intermaxilla non-protractile. Preoperculum broadly rounded. Lower limb of the first fill arch with spiny tubercles. First dorsal fin origin opposite or before the pectoral tip, the first spine shorter than the second. Color is generally blackish above and silvery below.
细长的身体与接近圆筒形的有小圆形的鳞片; 头部长而尖的。 嘴大而水平的, 下面颌的顶端伸出; 颚间不可以伸出的。 前鳃盖骨宽广地圆的。 第一个的下翼将弓装满刺状的小瘤。 第一背鳍起源相对于或在胸的顶端之前, 第一个棘短于第二个。 色彩是通常黑色的上方与下面银色的。
Nocturnally active, but occurring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768, 48637). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.
夜行活跃, 但是大群出现上方舄湖礁坪而且沿着外礁斜坡在白天期间.(参考文献 9768,48637) 主要吃鱼, 也捕食对虾与乌贼。 生鲜贩卖了, 冷冻或干燥盐腌。 有雪卡鱼毒中毒的报导需要证实。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 东非到东南亚与马贵斯群岛与社会群岛, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亚。
Rose, J.H., 1984. Sphyraenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 4752)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.4 - 28.2, mean 26.2 °C (based on 976 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00481 - 0.01092), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16 [7, 42] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.130, 0.614] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.1, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.103 [0.048, 0.214] g/100g; Selenium = 46.3 [20.1, 115.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.7 [10.3, 220.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.448 [0.286, 0.779] mg/100g (wet weight);
