分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Sir Andrew Smith (1797–1872) was a Scotsman who joined the Army Medical Service (1819) after graduating from Edinburgh University. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Müller & Henle.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 440 - 1020 m (Ref. 5578). 深水域; - 40°S
Southeast Atlantic: off central Namibia to Agulhas Bank, South Africa.
東南大西洋: 那米比亞中部外海到南非的 Agulhas 邊坡。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5578)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
A large softnose skate with a broadly triangular, bluntly pointed snout and an angular pectoral disc; tail shorter than body and with a single row of large thorns; upper disc of young with thorns but these are lost with growth (Ref. 5578). Dorsal surface greyish and may have white spots, ventral surface white with dark grey blotches around gill slits, vent and along ventral surface of tail (Ref. 5578). Tail with no color bands (Ref. 5578).
一個大的軟鼻魟魚具有一個寬廣三角形, 頓尖的吻與一個有角的胸盤; 尾部短於身體而且具有一個單列的大刺; 幼魚的上體盤有刺，但是這些隨著成長被失去。 (參考文獻 5578) 背面略灰色與可能白色的斑點, 腹面鰓縫的周圍白色的有深灰色的斑塊, 排洩孔而且沿著尾部腹面.(參考文獻 5578) 尾部沒有色彩條紋。 (參考文獻 5578)
Found on the upper continental slope (Ref. 27121). A bottom-predator that feeds on bony fishes including hake, jacopever, barracudina and dragonet; also squid, octopus, crabs and prawns (Ref. 5578). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Sometimes caught by hake trawlers (Ref. 5578).
棲息於大陸坡上層了。 (參考文獻 27121) 一個底層掠食動物捕食硬骨魚類包括鱈魚， jacopever ，梭魚與鼠魚; 也捕食烏賊，章魚，螃蟹與蝦.(參考文獻 5578) 卵生的.(參考文獻 50449) 卵在貝殼上有像觸角一樣的突出。 (參考文獻 205) 有時被鱈魚底拖網捕獲了。 (參考文獻 5578)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).東南大西洋: 那米比亞中部外海到南非的 Agulhas 邊坡。
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 April 2018
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.6 - 11.8, mean 5.4 °C (based on 13 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00291 - 0.01038), b=3.13 (2.97 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.67 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
