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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Professor Dr Hilbrand Boschma (1893–1976) was a Dutch zoologist, herpetologist, and expert on crustaceans. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3798). Tropical; 22°N - 4°N, 98°W - 50°W
Western Atlantic: Colombia to French Guiana.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 19.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9626); common length : 15.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3798)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 13 - 14; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 13; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 8 - 9. Head scaled except for tip of snout and chin; mouth small and oblique; yellowish to greenish silver on back, silvery on sides, with 4 brown to bronze stripes on upper half of body and a large black spot at caudal base (Ref. 13442).
Generally in protected areas such as bays or inlets; rarely in insular areas with clear oceanic water and coral reefs (Ref. 5217). Juveniles encountered near the shore. Feeds on small crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 3798). Taken incidentally and not considered commercially important (Ref. 3798).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); δόλωμα: occasionally
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28.2, mean 27.2 °C (based on 138 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00702 - 0.03115), b=2.99 (2.82 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 65.2 [21.1, 122.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.686 [0.359, 1.217] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.087, 0.269] g/100g; Selenium = 31.9 [19.1, 54.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 107 [43, 261] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.39 [0.95, 2.08] mg/100g (wet weight);
