分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Sparisomatinae
Etymology: Sparisoma: Latin, sparus = a fish with a golden head + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 15 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 42°N - 7°N, 88°W - 59°W (Ref. 88982)
Western Atlantic and the Caribbean. Confused with Southwest Atlantic specimens referring to Sparisoma axillare and Eastern Atlantic species referring to S. chaoti (Ref. 88982).
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島到巴西里約熱內盧;(參考文獻 7251,13628) 在加勒比海 (參考文獻 3802) 各處但是不存在於墨西哥灣。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾到至少幾內亞灣.(參考文獻 7360)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 47.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 13628)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Juveniles and adults in drab phase (which are either mature males or females) are light grayish brown, nearly white ventrally; alternate dark and pale bars cross the chin; caudal peduncle and fin yellow; anal and pelvic fins red. Terminal phase males are dull green or blue-green with a large black spot on upper half of pectoral fin base; pectoral fins dark olive, the outer fifth abruptly pale (Ref. 13442).
稚魚與成魚單色相的 (那是或成熟雄性或者雌性) 是淡的淺灰褐色, 幾乎腹側白色; 交互的黑而灰白的橫帶越過下巴; 尾柄與鰭黃色; 臀鰭與腹鰭鰭紅色。 最後階段雄性是暗綠色或者藍綠色在胸鰭基底的上半部上具有一個大的黑色斑點; 胸鰭黑的橄欖色, 那外部的第五突然灰白.(參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits coral reefs and seagrass beds. Juveniles or primary-phase fish can rapidly assume a mottled pattern as it comes to rest on the bottom. Spawning is usually a group activity in similarly colored males and females (Ref. 5521). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367).
棲息於珊瑚礁與海草床。 當它在底部上來到休息的時候，稚魚或初期的魚能快速地呈現一個有斑點的圖案。 產卵在色彩相同的雄性與雌性中通常是一個群活動。 (參考文獻 5521) 吃水底的藻類與海草。 (參考文獻 7360) 一個雌性先熟的雌雄同體.(參考文獻 55367)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Although protogyny was propossed for this species (Ref. 27876), probably because testicular characteristics showed a secondary characteristic of sex-changed males, observations of overlapping size ranges of males and females, and males maturing at the same ages and sizes as did females, strongly suggest gonochorism (Ref. 103751). A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Length at sex change = 25.0 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Forms leks during breeding (Ref. 55367).西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島到巴西里約熱內盧;(參考文獻 7251,13628) 在加勒比海 (參考文獻 3802) 各處但是不存在於墨西哥灣。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾到至少幾內亞灣.(參考文獻 7360)
Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 September 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.9 - 28.2, mean 27.5 °C (based on 467 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00543 - 0.01532), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 49.2 [29.2, 92.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.715 [0.384, 1.213] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.0933 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 30.9 [17.7, 58.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 40.1 [12.0, 135.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.6 [1.1, 2.5] mg/100g (wet weight);
