इलाज़मौबरांकी (शारक और रेज़) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा बेनथोपिलाजिक; गहराई सीमा 0 - 160 m (Ref. 26346). Temperate
Southwest Pacific: Norfolk Island and New Zealand, including the Kermadec Islands.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm WD पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 12951); common length : 100.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9258)
Short description
पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स
Olive-green, yellow or dark brown dorsally with pale blue or grey markings; white ventrally (Ref. 26346). No caudal fin (Ref. 26346).
Occurs in bays, estuaries, and near rocky reefs (Ref. 12951). Usually solitary (Ref. 12951). Feeds on clams, oysters, worms, and crabs (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Although the spine on the tail is capable of inflicting a painful wound, the poison is quickly neutralized by immersion of the injured area in hot water (Ref. 26346).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Young are born at less than 50 cm (Ref. 26346).
Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170. (Ref. 8879)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.4 - 19.8, mean 16.6 °C (based on 74 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00119 - 0.01269), b=3.08 (2.83 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): निम्न, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 4.5 - 14 वर्ष। (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 3.64 [0.51, 61.12] mg/100g; Iron = 0.186 [0.018, 2.244] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [14.5, 25.0] %; Omega3 = 0.327 [0.095, 0.951] g/100g; Selenium = 14.3 [2.7, 79.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.82 [0.41, 52.01] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.407 [0.030, 4.511] mg/100g (wet weight);
