分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 50 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 71°N - 50°N, 50°W - 21°E
Northeast Atlantic: Norwegian coast from Kattegat to Tanafjord in Finnmark, rare off Bear Island, northern part of North Sea, around Shetland Islands, Scotland, northern England, Wales and Ireland, rare in the English Channel; Rockall Bank, common around Faroes and Iceland; sporadic off East Greenland.
東北大西洋: 從 Kattegat 到 Tanafjord 在 Finnmark 的挪威的海岸, 稀有的外海有島，北海的北部, 雪特蘭群島，蘇格蘭，北部英格蘭，威爾斯與愛爾蘭的周圍, 稀有的在英倫海峽; Rockall 淺堆, 普遍法羅與冰島的周圍; 分散的外海格陵蘭東部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 12.5, range 10 - 15 cm
Max length : 66.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 106276); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4570); 最大体重: 1.0 kg (Ref. 35388); 最大年龄: 40 年 (Ref. 35388)
Inhabit rocky bottoms, close to the shore, between 10 and 150 m, but also recorded at 760 m (Ref. 4570). Live in shoals and moves closer to the shore in the summer (Ref. 35388). Feed on various small crustaceans and young fishes (Ref. 4570). Viviparous (Ref. 34817).
在 10 与 150 公尺之间,栖息于岩石底部,接近海岸, 也在 760 公尺记录.(参考文献 4570) 生活于浅滩而且移动更靠近夏天时的海岸.(参考文献 35388) 捕食各种不同的小型甲壳动物与幼鱼。 (参考文献 4570) 胎生的.(参考文献 34817)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Ovoviviparous.東北大西洋: 從 Kattegat 到 Tanafjord 在 Finnmark 的挪威的海岸, 稀有的外海有島，北海的北部, 雪特蘭群島，蘇格蘭，北部英格蘭，威爾斯與愛爾蘭的周圍, 稀有的在英倫海峽; Rockall 淺堆, 普遍法羅與冰島的周圍; 分散的外海格陵蘭東部。
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.8 - 9.8, mean 7.8 °C (based on 186 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00728 - 0.01811), b=3.05 (2.92 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.67 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 15.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.07; tm=20; tmax=40).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16 [7, 45] mg/100g; Iron = 0.175 [0.079, 0.422] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [16.5, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.883 [0.338, 2.408] g/100g; Selenium = 43.3 [17.5, 116.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.7 [2.4, 47.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.331 [0.174, 0.567] mg/100g (wet weight);
