Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 0 - 30 m (Ref. 55763). Tropical; 32°N - 7°S, 115°W - 77°W
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 55763); 43.2 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 55763); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 5 سال ها (Ref. 105273)
Inhabits soft bottoms, from within the vicinity of mangrove areas up to a depth of 29 m (Ref. 9330). Feeds on large benthic invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9330). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9330). Max. length size of female from Ref. 105273.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Hensley, D.A., 1995. Paralichthyidae. Lenguados. p. 1349-1380. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9330)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29.1, mean 26.8 °C (based on 240 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00353 - 0.01129), b=3.14 (2.98 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 154 [69, 320] mg/100g; Iron = 0.999 [0.464, 1.998] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.5, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.149 [0.072, 0.299] g/100g; Selenium = 46.4 [20.5, 109.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [3.2, 49.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.896 [0.583, 1.397] mg/100g (wet weight);
