>
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 2 - 63 m (Ref. 9626). Subtropical; 42°N - 19°S, 98°W - 31°W (Ref. 55)
Western Atlantic: north to Massachusetts, USA (rare in Florida) and south to Trinidad and northern Brazil.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 25.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 79.1 cm FL jantan/; (Ref. 69373); common length : 35.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 55); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 10.8 kg (Ref. 26340); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 42 Tahun (Ref. 128039)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 14; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8. Snout long and pointed, mouth large. One of the upper pairs of canine teeth notably enlarged, visible when mouth is close. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Pectoral fins long, reaching the level of anus. Scale rows on back parallel to lateral line, at least anteriorly. Olive gray to brownish on upper back and sides, with eight narrow, pale vertical bars which may be faint or absent in large adults. A solid or broken blue line which may disappear with growth, runs under the eye.
Adults occur in shallow, clear, warm, coastal waters over coral reefs. Often near the shelter of elkhorn corals and gorgonians (Ref. 9710). Juveniles are encountered over sand bottoms with or without seagrass (Thalassia), and over muddy bottoms of lagoons or mangrove areas. Young sometimes enter brackish waters. Sometimes form resting aggregations during the day. Feed on fishes, shrimps, crabs, worms, gastropods and cephalopods. Considered a good food fish, it is marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 55). Maximum length for female taken from Ref. 3093.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28, mean 26.4 °C (based on 412 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01342 - 0.01707), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 9.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.60, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.6 [9.5, 30.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.333 [0.194, 0.618] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.1, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.21 [0.12, 0.36] g/100g; Selenium = 28.8 [14.3, 56.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 90.2 [15.2, 455.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.26 [0.18, 0.40] mg/100g (wet weight);
