分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 18 - 70 m (Ref. 9710). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 26°S, 98°W - 31°W (Ref. 55230)
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia and Bermuda (Anderson, pers. comm.) to the Amazon, Brazil. Rare north of Florida and apparently rare in the Gulf of Mexico.
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省與百慕達群島 (安德遜， pers. comm.) 到亞馬遜河巴西口。 佛羅里達稀有北方與顯然稀有在墨西哥灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 160 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55); common length : 90.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26938); 最大體重: 57.0 kg (Ref. 9710); 最大年齡: 55 年 (Ref. 116026)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 8. Mouth with thick lips. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and sides pale to dark gray with a reddish tinge. The dorsal and caudal fins are grayish; the anal and pelvic fins reddish; the pectoral fins translucent or grayish.
嘴部具有厚唇。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤弱的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 背面與側邊灰白的到深灰色具有一個淡紅的淡色。 背鰭與尾鰭是淺灰色的; 臀鰭與腹鰭鰭淡紅的; 胸鰭半透明或淺灰色的。
Adults are found mainly around ledges over rocky bottoms or around reefs. Young sometimes inhabit mangrove areas. Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Feed mainly on fishes, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 55) and lobsters using their strong canines (Ref. 123493). A wary fish, not easily approached underwater (Ref. 13442).
成魚主要地在岩石底部上的岩架周圍或礁的周圍發現。 幼魚有時居住於紅樹林區域。 主要吃魚，蝦與螃蟹。 (參考文獻 55) 一個小心的魚, 不容易接近在水中的.(參考文獻 13442)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省與百慕達群島 (安德遜， pers. comm.) 到亞馬遜河巴西口。 佛羅里達稀有北方與顯然稀有在墨西哥灣。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.7 - 27.6, mean 25.5 °C (based on 100 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00733 - 0.02265), b=2.98 (2.84 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.6 [5.5, 17.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.27 [0.16, 0.49] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.1, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.179 [0.101, 0.309] g/100g; Selenium = 33 [16, 63] μg/100g; VitaminA = 76.1 [12.6, 374.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.225 [0.158, 0.353] mg/100g (wet weight);
