分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Spratelloididae (Small round herrings)
Etymology: Spratelloides: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Issue
The species in the genera Spratelloides Bleeker, 1851 and Jenkinsia Jordan & Evermann, 1896 should most probably be assigned to a separated family from Clupeidae and Dussumieriidae (Lavoué, pers. comm., July 2013). See a preliminary analysis in Lavoué et al. (2013: Ref. 93878).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 深度上下限 ? - 40 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 33°N - 30°S, 33°E - 136°W (Ref. 188)
Indo-Pacific, from Red Sea south to Tanzania and east to Samoa (excluding the Cook, Society and Marquesas islands) and the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan and south to western Australia and Kermadec Islands.
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至桑吉巴而且東至西太平洋 (日本南至菲律賓到東南方的與澳洲西部,東至美屬薩摩亞 (除了庫克島，社會島與馬可薩斯島) 與 Tuamoto 島。 出現於帛琉與馬紹爾群島。 (參考文獻 37816)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 10.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 54980)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 12 - 13; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 13. Maxilla toothed, triangular pre-maxillae, 2 supra-maxillae, second supra-maxilla asymmetrical (lower part larger than upper part), vertical striae on scales not meeting at center; W-shaped pelvic scute; few branchiostegal rays (6 or 7).
颚骨有齿又三角形的前颚， 2个上颚, 第二个上颚骨在鳞片上的不对称的 (较下面的部位大于上半部) 又垂直的陷纹在中心不碰到; W 形的腹鳍鳞甲; 少数鳃条骨.(6 或 7)
Usually an inshore schooling species, inhabiting relatively clear waters of coastal, lagoon, and seaward reefs (Ref. 11230). Relative fecundity is 1596 eggs per unit body weight (Ref. 4383). Caught with beach seines, purse seines, ringnets and dipnets. Marketed fresh or dried-salted (Ref. 5213). Used as bait in the tuna fishery.
通常一个近海群游性种, 居住于相当清澈水域海岸的, 泻湖 , 与临海礁石.(参考文献 11230) 相对繁殖力是 1596个每单位体重卵。 (参考文献 4383) 用海滩围网，囊袋网，环状网与手抄网捕获了。 在市场上销售生鲜地了或乾燥盐腌.(参考文献 5213) 在鲔鱼业中当作鱼饵了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 紅海南至桑吉巴而且東至西太平洋 (日本南至菲律賓到東南方的與澳洲西部,東至美屬薩摩亞 (除了庫克島，社會島與馬可薩斯島) 與 Tuamoto 島。 出現於帛琉與馬紹爾群島。 (參考文獻 37816)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00319 - 0.00824), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.41-0.44; tm<1; Fec=505).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.78, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 753 [190, 6,136] mg/100g; Iron = 9.36 [2.55, 36.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.7, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.29 [0.05, 1.73] g/100g; Selenium = 275 [32, 1,847] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.7 [0.5, 49.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 6.21 [2.11, 17.03] mg/100g (wet weight);
