分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 4°N, 90°W - 52°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), Bahamas, Caribbean, Guianas (but no records to the south of this; no Brazilian specimens in the extensive collections of the Museu de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) ，巴哈馬，加勒比海, 圭亞那 (但是這的沒有記錄到南方; 在巴西聖保羅動物博物館的廣泛的收藏中的沒有巴西的標本).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.0, range 9 - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 23. Tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) very narrow, their width about 10 times in combined length, the basihyal tooth plate not bulging in front. Scales thin, loosely attached, easily shed. Tips of anterior dorsal fin rays dark. Reddish or orange spot behind upper end of gill (Ref. 26938). Body slender, with evenly curved upper and lower profiles (Ref. 7251).
在它 (基舌骨与基鳃骨齿板) 后面的舌与齿碟上的齿碟非常狭窄的, 他们的宽度大约 10 倍组合的长度, 不被在前面凸出的基舌骨齿碟。 鳞片细的, 松弛地附上了, 容易地流出。 前面背鳍鳍条的顶端黑的。 在鳃的上端后面的淡红或橘色的斑点.(参考文献 26938) 身体细长的, 具有均匀地弯曲的上、下轮廓.(参考文献 7251)
Occur in coastal waters, usually along the shoreline (Ref. 9710) and over clear coral reefs (Ref. 5217). May form large schools in beaches, mainly over Thalassia beds (Ref. 5217). Often in polluted areas (Ref. 9710).
出现在沿岸水域, 通常沿着海岸线 (参考文献 9710) 与在清澈的珊瑚礁之上.(参考文献 5217) 在海滩可能形成大群鱼群, 主要地在泰来草床之上。 (参考文献 5217) 常见于污染区域。 (参考文献 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) ，巴哈馬，加勒比海, 圭亞那 (但是這的沒有記錄到南方; 在巴西聖保羅動物博物館的廣泛的收藏中的沒有巴西的標本).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 104 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00642 - 0.01557), b=3.09 (2.96 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.41-1.03; tm=1.5; Fec=41,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.6 [28.5, 116.2] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.53, 1.98] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.348 [0.190, 0.650] g/100g; Selenium = 17.1 [8.4, 38.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.8 [17.1, 175.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.913 [0.586, 1.427] mg/100g (wet weight);
