分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) >
Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Grammonus: Greek, gramma = signal, mark + Greek, onos = hake.
More on authors: Smith & Radcliffe.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 45 - 345 m (Ref. 34024).
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Japan, East China Sea, and the Philippines.
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 559)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 75 - 87; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 50 - 62. Body color reddish-brown. Head large and broad. Scales present on head. Opercular spine small, but with a sharp pointed tip. Attains 21 cm SL.
Uncommon species found on soft bottom (Ref. 34024). Ref. 9942 gives maximum depth to be 1,260 m.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.9 - 26.5, mean 19.5 °C (based on 337 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00179 - 0.01169), b=3.10 (2.87 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).