Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины ? - 50 m (Ref. 37955). Tropical; 30°N -
Eastern Central Pacific: western coast of Baja California, Mexico to Peru (Ref. 11482).
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 55763); common length : 20.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 55763)
Краткое описание
определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия
Body elongate, moderately deep, and compressed; snout slightly pointed; adipose eyelid poorly developed; lower branch of the first gill arch with 28 to 30 gill rakers; chest entirely covered by scales; lateral line arched anteriorly, with 46 to 53 strong scutes in the straight part; back gray blue; belly silvery with green-gold highlights; 8 to 9 incomplete, dark, vertical bars along the flanks; edge of operculum with a very conspicuous black stain (Ref. 55763).
Adults inhabit coastal and oceanic waters (Ref. 9283). They feed on small fishes, crustaceans and other benthic invertebrates (Ref. 37955). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson, 1994. Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref. 11482)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.8 - 28.5, mean 26.3 °C (based on 52 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00767 - 0.03591), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): высокий, минимальное время удвоения популяции до 15 месяцев (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).