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> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Istiophoridae (Billfishes)
Etymology: Tetrapturus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, pteron, fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: George Butler Leacock supplied Lowe with the spearfish holotype and “…rendered valuable assistance to the cause of ichthyology of this island [Madeira]… …generally as well as in this instance. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Lowe.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43). Subtropical; 42°N - 29°S, 98°W - 18°E (Ref. 43)

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Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea: Positively known only from Madeira, Sicily (Italy), Strait of Gibraltar, and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean off southern Portugal. Can be expected to range widely in the eastern and perhaps central North Atlantic. Central and eastern Atlantic records from Japanese longliner's data need clarification. Highly migratory species.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 184 cm FL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 43); 181.0 cm FL (female); max. veröff. Gewicht: 21.5 kg (Ref. 43); max. veröff. Gewicht: 21.5 kg

Further study is strongly needed to clarify the validity of this species. Probably oceanic. Length has been transferred from 'Body length' to FL (* 0.15).

Life cycle and mating behavior Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven

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Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Daten mangelhaft (DD) ; Date assessed: 15 November 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.3 - 19.1, mean 17.1 °C (based on 37 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5630 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00195 - 0.01025), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Tetrapturus georgii Lowe, 1841