分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍目 (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍科 (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: John White (ca: 1756–1832) served as a surgeon in the Royal Navy (1781–1820), visiting India and the West Indies before 1787, when he was appointed Chief Naval Surgeon of the ‘First Fleet’ – the 11 ships which took the first 1,500 colonists to [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - 46 m (Ref. 4281), usually 1 - 25 m (Ref. 30915). 溫帶; 20°S - 35°S, 145°E - 160°E
Southwest Pacific: Australia.
西南太平洋: 索羅門群島與澳洲。 來自莫三比克南部的紀錄與南非的納塔爾是 海馬 camelopardalis 的誤鑑。 國際間的買賣被監視過一個授權系統 ( 引用2, 自從 5.15.04 以後) ，而且一個 10 公分的最小大小應用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 8.3, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm OT 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30915); 11.0 cm OT (female); common length : 8.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4281); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 93066)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背的軟條 (總數) : 17 - 18. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following set of characters: trunk rings 11; tail rings 34-35; dorsal fin rays 17-18; pectoral fin rays 16; subdorsal rings 3; subdorsal spines 4, superior trunk ridge ending with 3 enlarged spines, the superior tail ridge commencing with one enlarged spine (3/0,1,0); cleithral ring spines 3, one small spine at each end of pectoral-fin base, none at gill-opening, large single or double spine at ventral extent of head; with 2 small lateral head spines, one directly posterior of eye, one anterodorsally of operculum and ventral of coronet; with a distinct snout spine; no parietal spine or diminutive if present; single eye spine, large and protruding dorsally; small single or double spine, rugose, posteroventrally of eye; the coronet, distinct and tall, protruding anteriorly in juveniles, angled
dorsoposteriorly in adults, and with 5 small spines present on apex in a star-like arrangement;
superior trunk with enlarged spines on first and eigth tail ridges (Ref. 125503).
描述: (以 31件標本為依據): 成魚的高度: 6.0-13.0 公分。 環: 11+35(32-36). 吻的長度: 2.3(2.0-2.7) 分之一頭長。 背鰭鰭條: 18(16-20)個覆蓋 2+1個環。
胸鰭鰭條: 16-17.(15-18) 冠: 高度地，向後傾斜有七個銳角或在頂端的點。 棘: 可變的, 低的適度發展的與相當銳利地圓形到。 其他的顯著特性: 長的吻; 突出又銳利的眼棘; 單一或兩根頰棘; 頭部相當狹窄。
彩色斑紋: 暗灰褐色的到黃色的; 時常褐色班點的具有一個成網狀黑色線條的網狀圖案; 可能有橫過背外側的表面的較灰白顏色的 '鞍狀斑' 。
Occur in coastal estuaries and embayments (Ref. 125503); in shallow, weedy inshore areas and Zostera seagrass beds; also on sponges. Also under jetties on holdfasts of kelp, and on other man-made structures such as shark nets. Diurnal and site faithful (Ref. 30915). Female max length (Ref. 42735). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128812.
在淺灘, 雜草叢生的近海區域與 Zostera 海草床中; 也吃海綿。 也在海藻的鉤子上的突堤下面, 與在其他的人造結構例如鯊魚網上。 日行性而且位置不變動.(參考文獻 30915) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 205) 雄魚帶卵在一個孵卵袋是在尾部下面發現.(參考文獻 205)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Gestation period 21-22 days depending on temperature (Ref. 30915). Monogamous and faithful to pair in the wild (Ref. 30915). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and genetic (Ref. 52884). Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205).西南太平洋: 索羅門群島與澳洲。 來自莫三比克南部的紀錄與南非的納塔爾是 海馬 camelopardalis 的誤鑑。 國際間的買賣被監視過一個授權系統 ( 引用2, 自從 5.15.04 以後) ，而且一個 10 公分的最小大小應用。
Short, G., D. Harasti and H. Hamilton, 2019. Hippocampus whitei Bleeker, 1855, a senior synonym of the southern Queensland seahorse H. procerus Kuiter, 2001: molecular and morphological evidence (Teleostei, Syngnathidae). ZooKeys 824:109-133. (Ref. 125503)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
瀕危 (EN) (A2bc); Date assessed: 05 October 2016
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.7 - 27.1, mean 25.4 °C (based on 146 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00175 - 0.01142), b=2.99 (2.77 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming annual Fec<1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 152 [88, 414] mg/100g; Iron = 0.824 [0.417, 1.602] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.1, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.511 [0.228, 1.134] g/100g; Selenium = 17.9 [7.4, 44.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.22 [1.79, 36.79] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.68, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);
![Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hipro_u1.jpg "Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\")
![Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hiwhi_f0.jpg "Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\")