分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶
Europe and Asia: Caspian basin, from Volga southward to Atrek (Iran); Aral basin in Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Chu drainages.
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海與鹹海.(參考文獻 26334) 亞拉流域, 在 Amu Darya ，錫爾河與 Chu 流域.(參考文獻 59043)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 105 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1441); common length : 65.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1441); 最大體重: 15.0 kg (Ref. 59043)
背棘 (總數) : 4; 背的軟條 (總數) : 8; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 5. Diagnosed from other species of Barbus and Luciobarbus in Caspian Se basin by having the following characters: predorsal length longer than postdorsal length; dorsal fin with 8½ branched rays; 12-18 gill rakers; back between head and dorsal origin laterally compressed, forming a keel; lateral line with 52-72 (usually 60-66) scales; and lower lip thin, without median lobe or pad (Ref. 59043).
Occur in the sea, mostly close to shores and forages also in estuaries. This species is semi-anadromous and non-anadromous, rarely landlocked in reservoirs. Adults and juveniles feed on invertebrates, algae, detritus, plant material, and small fishes, while larvae prey on zooplankton and small benthic invertebrates. Spawn in lowland streams and rivers on sand-gravel bottom, usually in strong current. Undertake migration to uppermost tributaries of rivers. Non-anadromous populations begin to migrate during late summer-autumn and spawn following spring, but some enter rivers in early spring and spawn same year. Migration by non-anadromous populations takes place just before spawning to upper stretches of tributaries or spawn in lakes and reservoirs on sand to mud bottom (Ref. 59043).
在海上, 大部份接近海岸。 在河口也覓食。 產卵在沙子-礫石的底部上的低地溪流與河川, 通常在強的水流。 半-溯河洄游產卵與非溯河洄游產卵的個體與族群, 非陸封的在水庫。 仔魚吃浮游動物與小型底棲的無脊椎動物。 稚魚與成魚吃無脊椎動物，藻類，碎屑，植物與小魚。 (參考文獻 59043)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海與鹹海.(參考文獻 26334) 亞拉流域, 在 Amu Darya ，錫爾河與 Chu 流域.(參考文獻 59043)
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00297 - 0.01224), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3-7; Fec=15,000-125,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
