分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Petromyzonti >
Petromyzontiformes (Lampreys)
七鰓鰻目 (Lampreys) >
Petromyzontidae (Northern lampreys)
七鰓鰻科 (Northern lampreys) > Lampetrinae
Etymology: Lampetra: lambo (L.), to lick; petra (Gr.), rock or stone, referring to their suctorial behavior (adults attach to rocks during nest building and mating) (See ETYFish); richardsoni: In honor of surgeon-naturalist John Richardson (1787-1865), “author of several important works on fishes from North America” (See ETYFish).
Eponymy: Sir John Richardson (1787–1865) was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and Arctic explorer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的. 溫帶; 57°N - 43°N
North America: Pacific slope from McDonald Lake, southeastern Alaska to Umpqua River drainage in Oregon, USA.
北美洲: 太平洋斜坡從麥當勞湖，阿拉斯加州東南方到美國奧勒岡州的安魁河流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.3 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 43939)
Distinguished by the very blunt teeth, the lack of a distinct median tooth on the tongue and the lack of posterial teeth (Ref. 27547). Anterior dorsal fin lower than the posterior, arising well back on body; caudal fin joined to both dorsal and anal fins; anal fin small, represented in males by a low ridge (Ref. 27547). Females with a pointed 2nd dorsal fin and a conspicuous anal lobe (Ref. 1998). Back and sides dark gray to brown, ventral side of body whitish (Ref. 27547); fins translucent olive-green and the caudal fin with diffuse black pigment (Ref. 1998). Oral disc narrower than head; usually 58-67 trunk myomeres; caudal fin with dark spot (Ref. 86798). Other adult diagnostic features: 8.0-15.4 cm TL. Body proportions, as percentage of TL (based on 45 specimens measuring 10.1-15.4 cm TL): prebranchial length, 10.4-14.0; branchial length, 8.3-10.8; trunk length, 44.7-53.1; tail length, 25.2-30.4; eye length, 2.0-2.7; disc length, 4.1-7.9. Urogenital papilla length, as a percentage of branchial length, in 26 spawning males measuring 12.2-15.1 cm TL, 17.6-30.8. Trunk myomeres, 60-67. Dentition: supraoral lamina, 2 unicuspid teeth; infraoral lamina, 7-10, usually 7 unicuspid teeth; 3 endolaterals on each side; endolateral formula, typically 1-2-1 (15 cases), 2-2-1 (12), or 2-2-2 (10), and rarely 2-3-2 (5) and 2-3-1 (1); 2 rows of anterials; first row of anterials, 4-6 unicuspid teeth; exolaterals absent; posterials usually absent; transverse lingual lamina, 5-11 unicuspid teeth, the median one enlarged or only the median enlarged tooth is present; longitudinal lingual laminae cusps too small to count. Velar tentacles, 5-6, with tubercles. Body coloration (preserved), dorsal and lateral aspects grayish, ventral surface whitish. Lateral line neuromasts unpigmented. Extent of caudal fin pigmentation, 75% or more. Fleshy tissues around the lingual laminae unpigmented. Caudal fin shape, rounded or spade-like. Oral fimbriae, 93 (Ref. 89241).
區別的特徵為非常鈍的齒了, 那在舌與缺乏後面的齒上沒有一個明顯的中央牙齒.(參考文獻 27547) 前面的背鰭低於後面的, 出現在身體正後方; 尾鰭連到了背鰭與臀鰭; 臀鰭小的, 雄性出現一個低的脊.(參考文獻 27547) 雌魚有一個尖的第二背鰭鰭與一個顯著的尾鰭葉。 (參考文獻 1998) 背面與側邊深灰色到褐色的, 身體的腹側邊微白色的;(參考文獻 27547) 鰭半透明的橄欖綠色的而且尾鰭有擴散的黑色素.(參考文獻 1998)
Inhabits gravel riffles and runs of clear, cool streams (Ref. 5723). Ammocoetes occur in muddy and sandy backwaters and pools of streams (Ref. 5723). Ammocoete feed mostly on diatoms but also on other microscopic plant and animal matter (Ref. 1998). Transformed lampreys do not feed at all (Ref. 1998). Nonparasitic (Ref. 5723, 89241). Spawning period in early May in British Columbia as evidenced by spent females being collected on 8 May. Spawning occurs in redds and fertilized eggs collected on 8 May hatched in about 28 days at water temperatures between 10-12 °C. Eggs are greenish. In the state of Washington, in the early 1900s, ammocoetes were sold at $1.50 to $1.75 US per dozen to use as bait for sportfishes (Ref. 89241).
棲息於碎石激流與清潔的水流，冷水流。 (參考文獻 5723) Ammocoetes 出現在泥濘多沙的洄水區與溪中的水潭。 (參考文獻 5723) Ammocoete 大部分吃矽藻也捕食其他的微小動植物.(參考文獻 1998) 變態後的八目鰻根本不進食。 (參考文獻 1998) 非寄生的.(參考文獻 5723)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Nest mostly made by males; may be shared by 6 pairs at a time; occupied by different groups at different times. Male carries out 'sliding-feeling' courtship by sliding up the body of the female with the disc gently touching her body. The male then attaches itself to her head and coils around her. The pair vibrates when the eggs and sperms are released.北美洲: 太平洋斜坡從麥當勞湖，阿拉斯加州東南方到美國奧勒岡州的安魁河流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 February 2012
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00138 (0.00062 - 0.00310), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.4 ±0.23 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Semelparous species, assuming tm (= tmax) > 4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
