Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Élasmobranches (requins et raies) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Issue
Species complex include Gymnura lessae and Gymnura sereti; distribution of and both species were included for Gymnura micrura. Distribution will be corrected.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin; saumâtre démersal; profondeur ? - 55 m (Ref. 27549). Deep-water

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southwestern Atlantic: Venezuela, including Trinidad and Tobago, to Brazil (Rio de Janeiro).

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: L_m 35.0, range 34 - 50 cm
Max length : 137 cm WD mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 4439); common length : 90.0 cm WD mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5217); poids max. publié: 0.00 g

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Broad, diamond-shaped ray with a very short tail lacking a dorsal spine (Ref. 26938). Snout protruding. Front edges of disk concave. Tail with low dorsal and ventral finfolds and 3 - 4 dark crossbars (Ref. 7251). Upper surface gray, brown, light green or purple with round spots. Lower surface white (Ref. 6902).

Prefers neritic waters of the continental shelf and usually found on soft bottoms. May enter brackish estuaries or hyper-saline lagoons (Ref. 5217). Feeds on fish and shrimps (Ref. 28587); other crustaceans and clams (Ref. 27549). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Generally marketed salted (Ref. 5217).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur : McEachran, John | Collaborateurs

Yokota, L. and M.R. de Carvalho, 2017. Taxonomic and morphological revision of butterfly rays of Gymnura micrura (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) species complex, with the description of two new species (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae). Zootaxa 4332(1):1-74. (Ref. 116399)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Quasi-menacé (NT) (A2d); Date assessed: 19 September 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

Harmless

Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Plus d'informations

Trophic ecology
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs

Ecology
Écologie

Population dynamics
Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversion
Recrutement
Abondance

Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Spawning aggregations
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires

Distribution
Pays
Zones FAO
Écosystèmes
Occurrences
Introductions
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Surface branchiale
Brain
Otolith

Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de nage
Vitesse de nage
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)

Genetics
Génétique
Heterozygosity
Héritabilité

Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
Collaborateurs

Taxonomy
Noms communs
Synonymes
Morphologie
Morphométrie
Images

References
Références

Outils

Articles particuliers

Maintenance en aquarium | Articles sur l'espèce | Rapports d'aquaculture

Télécharger en XML

Page de résumé | Coordonnées géographiques | Noms communs | Photos

Sources Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.8 - 27.9, mean 25 °C (based on 544 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00314 - 0.00839), b=3.10 (2.95 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.53 se; based on food items.

Résilience (Ref. 120179): Très faible, temps minimum de doublement de population supérieur à 14 ans (Fec=3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 7.1 [1.0, 38.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.314 [0.067, 0.935] mg/100g; Protein = 21.9 [18.4, 24.9] %; Omega3 = 0.234 [0.058, 0.711] g/100g; Selenium = 8.65 [2.29, 27.32] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.06 [1.19, 29.85] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.395 [0.196, 0.738] mg/100g (wet weight);

Gymnura micrura (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)