分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Phycidae (Phycid hakes)
Etymology: Urophycis: Greek, oura = tail + Greek, phyke, pykis, -idos = the female of a fish that lives among algae (Greek = phykon), related with the gudgeon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 5951), usually 100 - 247 m (Ref. 1371). 溫帶; 66°N - 27°N, 81°W - 13°W
Western Atlantic: Labrador and the Grand Banks of Newfoundland to the coast of North Carolina. Straying to Iceland in the east and Florida in the south.
西大西洋: 拉布拉多與北卡羅萊那州的紐芬蘭到海岸的大岸灘。 對在南方中的在東部與佛羅里達中的冰島迷路。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 46.0, range 48 - ? cm
Max length : 133 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 135.0 cm TL (female); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大体重: 21.0 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 23 年 (Ref. 796)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Upper limb or first gill arch with 2 (rarely 3) rakers. First dorsal in with an elongated ray. Body color variable, dorsally various dark shades, paler laterally, sometimes bronze, belly pale dirty to yellow white; pelvic fin pale. A dusky blotch present on the opercle.
上边缘或第一个鳃弓有 2(很少地 3)个耙。 第一背鳍在有一个瘦长的鳍条。 体色可变又背面各种不同的深色阴影, 较灰白的侧面地, 有时青铜色的, 腹面暗灰色到黄色的白色; 腹鳍灰白的。 一个暗色的斑块位于鳃盖之上。
Found on soft, muddy bottoms of the continental shelf and upper slope. It is mostly found at 180 m. Mature fish migrate inshore in the northern Gulf of Maine in summer, disperse in autumn, and move into deepest areas in winter. Feed on small crustaceans, squids and small fish. Utilized fresh, smoked or frozen; eaten steamed, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Exported to Europe (Ref. 9988).
栖息于柔软，大陆棚与上层斜坡的泥底部了。 大部份它是发现于 180 公尺。 成熟的鱼在夏天移动在缅因湾北部的沿海地区, 秋天时分散, 而且移进深的区域中冬天时。 吃小型甲壳动物，乌贼与小鱼。 被烟熏或冻结的生鲜使用; 清蒸, 微波而且烧烤。 (参考文献 9988) 输出到欧洲。 (参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 拉布拉多與北卡羅萊那州的紐芬蘭到海岸的大岸灘。 對在南方中的在東部與佛羅里達中的冰島迷路。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.2 - 7.8, mean 4.8 °C (based on 160 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5044 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00336 - 0.00471), b=3.16 (3.11 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 10.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.11; tm=2; tmax=23; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.40, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.59, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.8 [9.1, 31.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.316 [0.184, 0.544] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.8, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.602 [0.318, 1.095] g/100g; Selenium = 25.5 [14.3, 49.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.8 [3.9, 41.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.325 [0.235, 0.457] mg/100g (wet weight);
