分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) >
Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Gambusia: Gambusia: From the Cuban term, Gambusino, which means "nothing", usually in the context of a joke or a farce. Fishing for gambusinos = when one catches nothing (Ref. 45335); affinis: affinis meaning related (Ref. 10294).
More on authors: Baird & Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19; 河川洄游. 亞熱帶的; 12°C - 29°C (Ref. 52055); 42°N - 26°N
North and Central America: Mississippi River basin from central Indiana and Illinois in USA south to Gulf of Mexico and Gulf Slope drainages west to Mexico. One of the species with the widest range of introductions which acquired for itself a near pan-global distribution (Ref. 1739). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
中美洲與北美洲: 密西西比河流域從美國印地安那州中部與伊利諾州南至墨西哥灣，而且海灣斜坡流域西至墨西哥。 一個魚種具有最廣的分佈範圍為自己獲得一個接近全球的分布的引入.(參考文獻 1739) 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.1 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 50932); 7.0 cm TL (female); common length : 3.9 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 3.00 年 (Ref. 796)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 7 - 9; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Origin of dorsal fin opposite 7th anal ray. Length of anal base much less than half distance from caudal. 8 horizontal scale rows between back and abdomen. Ventrals terminate immediately before anal fin. Pelvic fins reach ventrals.
第 7个臀鳍鳍条对面的背鳍起点。 臀鳍基底的长度远小于一半的距离从尾部的。 在背面与腹部之间的 8 水平的鳞片列。 腹面在臀鳍正前方结束。 腹鳍达到腹面。
Most abundant in lower reaches of streams (Ref. 44091). Adults inhabit standing to slow-flowing water; most common in vegetated ponds and lakes, backwaters and quiet pools of streams. Found frequently in brackish water (Ref. 5258). Pelagic and surface predatory fish (Ref. 94816). Feed on zooplankton, small insects and detritus (Ref. 5258, 10294). Used as live food for carnivorous aquarium fishes. Viviparous (Ref. 5258, 30578). Effective in mosquito control and widely introduced, but found to compete with indigenous fish and to upset the ecological balance (Ref. 6351).
最丰富在溪流下游.(参考文献 44091) 栖息于静止到缓慢流动的水; 常见于植物生长的池塘与湖，溪流的滞水区与静止的水潭。 常见于半淡咸水。 吃浮游动物，小的昆虫与碎屑。 对于肉食性的观赏鱼用作了活的食物。 胎生的.(参考文献 5258) 在控制蚊子方面有效而且广泛地引入, 但是发现以本地的鱼竞争而且颠覆生态平衡.(参考文献 6351) 胎生的.(参考文献 30578)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
The species is viviparous (Ref. 5258). Internal fertilization is possible because the anal fin of the male is modified into a copulatory organ. The females carries about 30 alevins and gestation lasts for a period of 24 days (Ref. 6348) to a month (Ref. 30578).中美洲與北美洲: 密西西比河流域從美國印地安那州中部與伊利諾州南至墨西哥灣，而且海灣斜坡流域西至墨西哥。 一個魚種具有最廣的分佈範圍為自己獲得一個接近全球的分布的引入.(參考文獻 1739) 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00689 - 0.01051), b=3.13 (3.07 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=1.20; tmax=3; Fec=10-60).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
