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Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) >
Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Poecilia: Greek, poikilos = with a lot of colours (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Robert John Lechmere Guppy (1836–1916) was a British-born civil engineer, schools inspector, civil servant and naturalist in Trinidad & Tobago, who contributed much to the geology, palaeontology and zoology of the West Indies. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Peters.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
นิเวศวิทยา
; น้ำจืด; กร่อย กลุ่มสัตว์หน้าดิน,กลุ่มสัตว์พื้นท้องน้ำ; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; ไม่มีการอพยพย้ายถิ่น. Tropical; 18°C - 28°C (Ref. 1672); 14°N - 2°N, 67°W - 52°W
South America: Venezuela, Barbados, Trinidad, northern Brazil and the Guyanas. Widely introduced and established elsewhere, mainly for mosquito control, but had rare to non-existing effects on mosquitoes, and negative to perhaps neutral effects on native fishes (Ref. 12217). Africa: Feral populations reported from the coastal reaches of Natal rivers from Durban southwards, as well as in the Kuruman Eye and Lake Otjikoto in Namibia (Ref. 7248). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
ขนาด / น้ำหนัก / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.0 cm SL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 59043); 6.0 cm SL (female); common length : 2.8 cm TL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 12193)
เงี่ยงครีบหลัง (รวม) : 0; ก้านครีบอ่อนที่หาง (รวม) : 7 - 8; เงี่ยงครีบก้น: 0; ก้านครีบอ่อนที่ก้น: 8 - 10.
Inhabits warm springs and their effluents, weedy ditches and canals (Ref. 5723). Found in various habitats, ranging from highly turbid water in ponds, canals and ditches at low elevations to pristine mountain streams at high elevations (Ref. 11225). Occurs in wide variety of habitats with low predation pressure, usually in very small streams and densely vegetated lakes and springs (Ref. 59043). Has a wide salinity range but requires fairly warm temperatures (23-24 °C) and quiet vegetated water for survival (Ref. 7248, 44894, 79840). Feeds on zooplankton, small insects and detritus. One of the most popular aquarium fishes with many standardized varieties. Used in genetics research. Female reaches 5 cm SL (Ref. 2847). Males mature at 2 months and females at 3 months of age (Ref. 1672). Aquarium keeping: in groups of 5 or more individuals; minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref. 51539). A very popular and widely available species in the aquarium trade. In Australia, wild populations were established prior to the 1970s, undoubtedly the result of thoughtless aquarists discarding unwanted pets (Ref. 44894). Maximum length for female taken from Ref. 43281.
Males are about half the size of females with colorful tail and caudal fin; the anal fin is transformed into a gonopodium for internal fertilization. Males are continuously chasing and mating females. Females can store sperms for later fertilization and may produce young every four weeks. Pregnant females are recognizable by black triangle between anal and pelvic fins. After a gestation period of four to six weeks females give birth to 20-40 live young. No parental care is exercised and parents may even prey on their young.
Rodriguez, C.M., 1997. Phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Poeciliini (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae). Copeia 1997(4):663-679. (Ref. 26855)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Potential pest
Human uses
การประมง: ไม่มีผลประโยชน์; สถานที่แสดงสัตว์และพืชน้ำ: การค้า
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00955 - 0.01738), b=3.14 (3.08 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ระดับชั้นอาหาร (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.6 (0.2 - 0.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10
growth studies.
ความสามารถในการกลับคืนสู่ปกติ (Ref.
120179): ความสูง, เวลาต่ำสุดที่จะทำให้ประชากรเพิ่มขึ้นเป็น 2 เท่าใช้เวลาน้อยกว่า 15 เดือน (tm=0.16-0.25; Fec=20-40 with multiple spawning per year).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
