分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); swaini: Named after an active ichthyologist in the late 1800s, J. S. Swain (Ref. 10294).
Eponymy: Joseph Swain (1857–1927) was Professor of Mathematics and Biology at Indiana University (1883–1891) and a student of the author, David Starr Jordan, whom he followed (1891) to Stanford University and taught there as a professor of mathematics. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Jordan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 亞熱帶的; 36°N - 29°N
North America: Gulf drainages from Ochlockonee River in Georgia and Florida to Mississippi River in Louisiana, and north on Former Mississippi Embayment (east of Mississippi River only) to Kentucky in the USA; in Bear Creek in northwestern Alabama and northeastern Mississippi, USA.
北美洲: 在喬治亞州與佛羅里達至路易斯安那州的密西西比河的來自 Ochlockonee 河的海灣流域, 與在從前的密西西比灣 (只有密西西比河以東) 上的向北對在美國中的肯塔基州; 在阿拉巴馬州西北部與密西西比州東北部中的貝爾溪。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.3 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
Occurs in shallow rocky riffles, current-swept vegetation in headwaters, creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723); also found in streams (Ref. 10294). Feeds on midge larvae, with isopods and immature blackflies, mayflies, hydroptilid and hydropsychid caddisflies, and dragonflies (Ref. 10294).
出現於水淺的岩石急流, 在河川源頭中的水流沖刷的植物, 小溪及小型到中型河川;(參考文獻 5723) 也發現於溪流。 (參考文獻 10294) 吃蚊仔魚, 藉由等足目動物與不成熟的黑蠅，孚游類， hydroptilid 與 hydropsychid caddisflies, 與蜻蜓。 (參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 在喬治亞州與佛羅里達至路易斯安那州的密西西比河的來自 Ochlockonee 河的海灣流域, 與在從前的密西西比灣 (只有密西西比河以東) 上的向北對在美國中的肯塔基州; 在阿拉巴馬州西北部與密西西比州東北部中的貝爾溪。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 January 2012
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00301 - 0.01516), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
