Classification / Names
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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Aplodinotus: Greek, aploeides = simplicity + Greek,noton = back; single back in reference to the slighty joined dorsal fins (Ref. 45335); grunniens: grunniens meaning grunting (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 30 - ? m (Ref. 9988). Subtropical; ? - 32°C (Ref. 12741); 58°N - 15°N, 110°W - 70°W (Ref. 86798)
North and Central America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to northern Manitoba and southern Saskatchewan in Canada and south to the Gulf; Gulf Coast drainages from Mobile Bay in Georgia and Alabama through east Mexico to Rio Usumacinta system in Guatemala.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9988); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 24.7 kg (Ref. 4699); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 13 वर्षो (Ref. 72462)
Occur in bottoms of medium to large rivers and lakes (Ref. 557, 10294). Adults feed on aquatic insect immatures such as mayflies (Hexagenia), amphipods, fish (especially shad and young drum), crayfish and mollusks. Larval stages of drum consume larvae of other fishes, while young fishes utilize zooplankton (Ref. 10294). Known to produce sound. L-shaped otoliths are collected as 'lucky stones' (Ref. 557). Utilized fresh and can be pan-fried and broiled (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; आखेट मत्स्य: हां
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00576 - 0.01445), b=3.18 (3.05 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tmax=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
