分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Atractoscion: Greek, atraktos, arrow + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 122 m (Ref. 2850). 亞熱帶的; 65°N - 22°N
Eastern Pacific: Alaska to southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部與加州灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 166 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9118); 最大體重: 41.0 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年齡: 20 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (總數) : 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 20 - 23; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9; 脊椎骨: 24. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base.
在基底的腹鰭有肉質的附肢。
Often in schools over rocky bottom and in kelp beds (Ref. 2850). Also found in the surf zone (Ref. 2850). Young in bays and along sandy beaches (Ref. 2850). Feed on fishes, squids, and crayfish (Ref. 6885). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Excellent food fish (Ref. 9118).
常形成魚群遍及岩石的底部與在海藻床中.(參考文獻 2850) 也發現於海浪區。 (參考文獻 2850) 幼魚在海灣而且沿著沙灘。 (參考文獻 2850) 吃魚，烏賊與小龍蝦。 (參考文獻 6885) 優良的食用魚.(參考文獻 9118)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部與加州灣。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 September 2019
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9 - 22.9, mean 12.8 °C (based on 76 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00422 - 0.01564), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.13; tm=4; tmax=20).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.4 [18.9, 68.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.84 [0.43, 1.49] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.7, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.289 [0.167, 0.463] g/100g; Selenium = 38 [18, 79] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.2 [3.3, 39.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.43 [0.31, 0.64] mg/100g (wet weight);
