Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور; تغييرات عمق 15 - 100 m (Ref. 30573). Tropical; 30°N - 21°S, 36°E - 178°W
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 2871, 5213, 30573) to Southeast Asia, north to Japan, south to Queensland, Australia. Reported from Fiji (Ref. 12743).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 15.0 range ? - 19.2 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2872); common length : 30.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2872)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 8 - 9; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 20 - 22; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 25 - 28. Silvery grey with blue iridescence dorsally, silvery white ventrally; upper part of gill cover with a dusky black spot; fins pale yellow. Mouth large and oblique.
Found in coastal waters down to a depth of about 100 m (Ref. 30573) and between 15-90 m in western Indonesia (Ref. 12260). Feeds on sand-dwelling animals (Ref. 5213). Marketed fresh and dried salted.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.3 - 28.6, mean 27.6 °C (based on 746 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00921 - 0.01802), b=2.94 (2.85 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.6).
Prior r = 0.75, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.12, Based on 5 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 157 [98, 292] mg/100g; Iron = 1.74 [1.04, 2.72] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.314 [0.186, 0.547] g/100g; Selenium = 50.3 [25.4, 103.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.9 [7.9, 57.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.9, 1.7] mg/100g (wet weight);
