分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 180 - 440 m. ; 32°N -
Western Atlantic: Georgia to Florida Keys in USA and Gulf of Mexico to southern Texas, USA.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
Adults mostly found on deeper part of shelf from 180 to 440 m. Young enter much shallower water.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.3 - 19.6, mean 15.4 °C (based on 59 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00266 - 0.01494), b=3.11 (2.90 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.8 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).