Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 46 - 275 m (Ref. 7365). Subtropical; 37°N - 7°N
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern South America.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); common length : 15.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 12; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 9; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 5. Occipital pit present; two spines on a part of preorbital overlapping maxilla; supplemental preopercular spine present; no dark spot on inner basal part of pectoral fin; eye large, 1.5-2.2 times of snout length; pectoral fin long reaching end of anal fin in adults (Ref. 13608).
Inhabits offshore waters. Found on soft bottom.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Venomous
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18 - 26.3, mean 22.7 °C (based on 69 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00626 - 0.02776), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).