分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 20 m (Ref. 36453). 熱帶; 30°N - 44°S, 98°W - 26°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina.
西大西洋: 美國的佛羅里達與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.1 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 80009); common length : 17.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 29.50 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 52 - 58; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 39 - 44.
Adults occur mainly in brackish or hyper-saline lagoons (Ref. 5217), on sandy-muddy bottoms of estuaries and in the littoral zone where it hides itself leaving just its eyes out. Can easily disguise itself in the environment. Feed on worms, crustaceans and small fishes. Juveniles have a brief planktonic life, moving quickly to the benthic stage. Growth rate is relatively slow (Ref. 35237).
主要生活在半咸淡或者高盐度的泻湖 (参考文献 5217), 在河口的沙泥底上与在海滨的区域中他躲在哪里它本身只把眼睛露在外面。 能容易地在环境伪装它本身。 吃蠕虫，甲壳动物与小鱼。 稚鱼有一个简短的浮游性生活,快速移动到底栖性阶段。 它的增长率相当慢。 (参考文献 35237)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 美國的佛羅里達與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.5 - 28.1, mean 27.2 °C (based on 937 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.01041 - 0.01523), b=3.12 (3.07 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.8 [21.4, 115.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.512 [0.236, 0.922] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.1, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.0771 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 25.4 [13.0, 52.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59.2 [15.1, 241.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.79, 1.79] mg/100g (wet weight);
