Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 6 - 130 m (Ref. 89972). Subtropical; 35°N - 31°S
Pacific Ocean: antitropical, from southern Japan, Hawaiian Islands, Clipperton Island, Revillagigedo Islands, southern California, Easter Island, and Pitcairn Islands.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm NG αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 89467)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 3; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 29 - 32; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 26 - 29. Males are straw-yellow with each scale outlined in black creating a crosshatched appearance, and a red tail with neon submarginal blue band. Females are also crosshatched, but with a slate gray to blue ground color and tail.
Found mainly around oceanic islands and near reefs along the continental coasts (Ref. 9276). Found in schools in seaward reefs above drop-offs (Ref. 9710). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on zooplanktons (Ref. 89972).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Males establish a territory for spawning and parental care but not for feeding (Ref. 116451). Only females tend the eggs but both parents keep guard (Ref. 116451).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.1 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1418 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02692 (0.01267 - 0.05719), b=2.92 (2.74 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Fec=32,000 (from an egg cluster)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.6 [10.3, 81.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.662 [0.319, 1.736] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [16.9, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.106, 0.407] g/100g; Selenium = 18.3 [7.9, 41.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56.9 [14.5, 228.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.584 [0.360, 0.928] mg/100g (wet weight);
