分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - ? m. 温带; 71°N - 36°N, 11°E - 111°E (Ref. 124675)
Eurasia: rivers draining to Black, Azov and Caspian Seas; Siberia from Ob eastward to Yenisei drainages. Introduced throughout Europe, without formation of self-sustaining populations.
欧亚大陆: 黑海及里海的流域; 北极圈流域到白海及喀拉海与亚速海。 濒临绝种的.(参考文献 6866) 伯尔尼公约的附录 3(受保育的动物群). 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.4.98 以后; CMS 附录 2 对于多瑙河族群). 发现于德维纳河的北部与西部与他们的支流了。 (参考文献 42845)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 42.8, range 40 - 45 cm
Max length : 125 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6866); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大体重: 16.0 kg (Ref. 593); 最大年龄: 36 年 (Ref. 56502)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 13; 背的软条 (总数) : 28; 臀棘: 9; 臀鳍软条: 14 - 18. Back and flanks are beige. Five rows of scutes : 12-17D, 57-71L, 10-19V. Ventrals and laterals are very light-colored, nearly white. Narrow and pointed snout with four long and fringed barbels. Inferior lip clearly slit (Ref. 40476). Can be diagnosed from congeners in Europe by having 56-71 lateral scutes, first dorsal scute not fused with head, barbels fimbriate, lower lip interrupted in middle and 11-27 gill rakers (Ref. 59043).
背面与侧面是浅褐色的。 五个列的鳞甲 : 12-17D ， 57-71L,10-19V. 腹面与侧部是最颜色较淡, 几乎白色。 狭窄而尖的吻有四个长而有穗边的触须。 下方的唇清楚地裂缝 (参考文献 40476)
A fluvial fish which inhabits rivers and their tributaries (Ref. 9696). Occurs in large rivers, usually in the current and in deep water. Moves to flooded areas to feed (Ref. 59043). Chiefly potamodromous (Ref. 58897). Like other sturgeons, it aggregates in bottom holes in winter and exhibits little activity. In spring, when ice breaks, it rises from the bottom holes and moves upstream for spawning (Ref. 593). Spawns in habitats with strong-current on gravel, rarely on gravel-sand bottom or in flooded sites. Juveniles stay in riverine habitats during their first summer. Classified as endangered species. Anadromous populations are now extirpated; local populations are still surviving in most parts of range (Ref. 59043).
居住于河与他们的支流的一个河川鱼类.(参考文献 9696) 像其他的鲟鱼,它在底部洞中聚集冬天时而且展现小的活动。 在春天，当冰打破的时候，它从底部洞上升而且向上游移动进行产卵。 进行产卵,鱼选择河的主要峡道, 在哪里水流是快速的与底部被覆盖着砾石的地方.(参考文献 593)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Scatters eggs on gravel.欧亚大陆: 黑海及里海的流域; 北极圈流域到白海及喀拉海与亚速海。 濒临绝种的.(参考文献 6866) 伯尔尼公约的附录 3(受保育的动物群). 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.4.98 以后; CMS 附录 2 对于多瑙河族群). 发现于德维纳河的北部与西部与他们的支流了。 (参考文献 42845)
Birstein, V.J., 1993. Sturgeons and paddlefishes: threatened fishes in need of conservation. Conserv. Biol. 7:773-787. (Ref. 6866)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
濒危 (EN) (A2cde); Date assessed: 14 September 2019
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00135 (0.00077 - 0.00235), b=3.27 (3.12 - 3.42), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 13.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (tm=5-9; tmax=36; K=0.12; Fec=11,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.4 [14.3, 37.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.282 [0.181, 0.425] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.0, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.408 [0.247, 0.673] g/100g; Selenium = 17.9 [10.1, 32.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.74 [3.10, 18.84] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.519 [0.391, 0.693] mg/100g (wet weight);
