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> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Scatophagidae (Scats)
Etymology: Scatophagus: Greek, skatophagos = feeding upon dung (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; Água doce; estuarina demersal; anfídromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 5 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 20°C - 28°C (Ref. 13371); 35°N - 33°S, 48°E - 171°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Kuwait to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Reported from Samoa (Ref. 9710), Tonga (Ref. 53797), and the Society Islands (Ref. 2847).

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 108711); common length : 20.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3489)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 10 - 11; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 16 - 18; Espinhos anais: 4; Raios anais moles: 13 - 15. Ground colour greenish. Juveniles with a few large roundish blotches, about size of eye, or with about 5 or 6 broad, dark, vertical bars. In large adults, spots may be faint and restricted to dorsal part of flanks. Body quadrangular, strongly compressed. Dorsal head profile steep. Eye moderately large, its diameter somewhat smaller than snout length. Snout rounded. Mouth small, horizontal, not protractile. Teeth villiform, in several rows on jaws (ref 43044).

Inhabit harbors, natural embayments, brackish estuaries and the lower reaches of freshwater streams, frequently occurring among mangroves. Feed on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter (Ref. 7020, 44894, 48637). The dorsal, anal and pelvic spines are believed by Philippine fishers to be venomous and capable of inflicting wounds (Ref. 6565). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Marketed as fresh (Ref. 12693).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Multiple spawner (Ref. 102820).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Allen, G.R., 1984. Scatophagidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3489)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

Venomous (Ref. 6565)

Utilização humana

Pescarias: pouco comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; Aquário: Espécies comerciais

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2701 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.8125 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03236 (0.02371 - 0.04416), b=2.92 (2.83 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.0 ±0.35 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 0.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=0.97; tm=1; Fec=486,500).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Low.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 80.7 [40.4, 127.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.8 [0.5, 1.4] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0919 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [14.3, 62.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.8 [6.1, 87.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.49 [0.96, 2.24] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766)